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Sains Malaysiana 53(2)(2024):
267-283
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5302-03
Virgin
Coconut Oil and Palm Tocotrienol Supplementation: Effects on Lipid Parameters
of Experimental Rats
(Suplementasi Minyak Kelapa Dara dan Tokotrienol Sawit: Kesan ke atas Parameter Lipid
pada Tikus Kajian)
NORHAYATI-AIDA SULAIMAN1,
AZMAN ABDULLAH1, ZAR CHI THENT2 & QODRIYAH HAJI MOHD
SAAD1,*
1Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan
Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2Albert
Einstein College of Medicine (AECOM), Orthopaedic Surgery, New York, USA
Diserahkan: 18
Julai 2023/Diterima: 18
Januari 2024
Abstract
Virgin
coconut oil (VCO) and palm tocotrienol (TT) possess cholesterol-regulating
properties, but their combined effects remained unexplored. Thus, this study
aims to determine their individual and combination effects on lipid parameters
in ovariectomised (OVX) rats on hypercholesterolemic diet. Female
Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomised except for the sham group, assigned
into (i) sham-operated fed with basal rat diet, (ii) OVX control, (iii) V1 (OVX
+ VCO 1.43 mL/kg), (iv) V2 (OVX + VCO 4.29 mL/kg), (v) TT (OVX + TT 30 mg/kg),
(vi) V1+TT (OVX + VCO 1.43 mL/kg + TT 30 mg/kg) and (vii) V2+TT (OVX + VCO 4.29
mL/kg + TT 30 mg/kg). Groups (ii) to (vii) were fed with 2% cholesterol mixed
with five-time heated palm oil. VCO and TT alone or in combination reduced food
intake, visceral fat weight, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and
HMG-CoA reductase activity significantly (p<0.05 vs the OVX control). HDL
was reduced significantly in V1, V2, and V1+TT compared to the TT and V2+TT
(p<0.05). The increase in LDL was the lowest in V1 compared to other groups
(p<0.05). V2 and TT significantly reduced total cholesterol compared to
other supplementations (p<0.05). All supplementations were found to reduce
triglyceride compared to the OVX control group (p<0.05). The increase in
apolipoprotein A was higher in V2+TT than other groups (p<0.05). The
reduction in apolipoprotein B was higher in V1+TT and V2+TT than the V1, V2 and
TT. VCO and TT exerted beneficial effects on lipid parameters, but the efficacy
was not better than individual agents.
Keywords: Cholesterol
diet; heated palm oil; lipid profile; tocotrienol; virgin coconut oil
Abstrak
Minyak
kelapa dara (VCO) dan
Kata kunci: Diet
kolesterol; minyak kelapa dara; minyak sawit dipanaskan; profil lipid;
tokotrienol
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: qodryrz@ppukm.ukm.edu.my
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